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00:11 ♪♪♪ 00:19 ♪♪♪ 00:29 ♪♪♪ 00:35 Shawn Brummund: Hello, and welcome to another edition of 00:37 the "Sabbath School Study Hour." 00:39 It is so good to be able to have you join us here again in the 00:42 Granite Bay Hilltop Seventh-Day Adventist Church in the Greater 00:46 Sacramento area of California. 00:48 It is a privilege to be able to invite all those who are with us 00:52 with our local church family here in our new sanctuary, and 00:55 it is always a pleasure to be able to have those who are 00:57 watching live on Amazing Facts TV as well as the different 01:02 social media outlets and then, of course, our different 01:04 satellite stations in the future. 01:07 So it is nice to have each and every one of you join us. 01:09 We know that you will be blessed as we study a very--another very 01:13 important topic from the Bible, which is the covenant sign. 01:17 So we're going to be looking at lesson number nine for those of 01:20 you who are running for your quarterly and asking yourself, 01:23 "Where are we this week again?" 01:25 And so we want to turn to lesson number nine, which is entitled 01:29 "The Covenant Sign." 01:30 We've been studying the promise of God's everlasting covenant, 01:34 and we're seeing that theme and thread that threads all the way 01:37 from the first covenant with Adam and Eve all the way to our 01:40 day and age here today. 01:42 So don't miss it. 01:44 Stay tuned with us as we continue to study. 01:46 We also have a free gift offer that we have for you here today 01:50 as we'd like to offer each and every edition, and today's free 01:54 offer is entitled "The Lost Day of History" and this is directly 01:58 tied to the subject that we're looking at today in the 02:01 quarterly as well. 02:03 And so if you don't have a copy of this, you've never studied 02:05 through this study guide--it's one of my favorites. 02:08 It's certainly very enriching, answers many of the most common 02:11 thinking questions that many people have. 02:13 And you can just go ahead and dial the toll-free number 02:18 which is 866-788-3966, and that's 866-STUDY-MORE. 02:25 Now, when you call into that, if you're in continental USA or 02:28 Canada, then you can just ask for offer number 113 and the 02:33 agent that answers that will be happy to be able 02:35 to get that to you. 02:37 And then of course we have a digital copy that is available 02:39 to those who are in the United States as well, and you just 02:43 dial 40544 and you want to plug in there in the message box 02:49 "SH082," and that will direct you to the link 02:54 on the internet that will give you that free download copy. 02:57 So please take advantage of that. 02:59 And before we invite our teacher, Pastor Luccas, up to 03:03 teach the lesson study, we're going to invite our singer 03:07 as--Jolene as she sings for us and leads us in worship. 03:11 Let's worship from our hearts even here this morning. 03:14 ♪♪♪ 03:20 ♪ There is a name I love to hear, ♪ 03:24 ♪ I love to sing its worth. ♪ 03:28 ♪ It sounds like music in my ear, ♪ 03:32 ♪ the sweetest name on earth. ♪ 03:36 ♪ O how I love Jesus. O how I love Jesus. ♪ 03:44 ♪ O how I love Jesus because He first loved me. ♪ 03:52 ♪ It tells me of a Savior's love, ♪ 03:56 ♪ who died to set me free. ♪ 04:01 ♪ It tells me of His precious blood, ♪ 04:05 ♪ the sinner's perfect plea. ♪ 04:09 ♪ O how I love Jesus. O how I love Jesus. ♪ 04:17 ♪ O how I love Jesus because He first loved me. ♪ 04:25 ♪ It tells of one whose loving heart can feel my deepest woe, ♪ 04:34 ♪ who in each sorrow bears a part that none can bear below. ♪ 04:42 ♪ O how I love Jesus. O how I love Jesus. ♪ 04:51 ♪ O how I love Jesus ♪ 04:55 ♪ because He first loved me. ♪ 05:02 Shawn: I invite you to pray. 05:04 Father in heaven, as we open Your Word, we thank You for the 05:07 privilege of being able to--again to invest in a 05:10 knowledge of what You have revealed to mankind concerning 05:13 this important Bible topic. 05:15 We want to pray that You will fulfill Your promise to give us 05:18 the Holy Spirit and that we might be able to truly know that 05:23 You are the one that is guiding our minds, opening our hearts 05:26 and understanding to the things that You would have us know. 05:29 And so please we ask for that. 05:31 We claim that promise even now. 05:33 We pray for Your blessing upon our teacher, Pastor Luccas, as 05:36 he brings the truth--the word of truth to us again this morning. 05:40 We thank You for listening, God. 05:41 In Jesus's name, amen. 05:44 Luccas Rodor: It is so good to see you, to be here. 05:47 My wife and I have been--we were on vacation for the 05:50 past two weeks. 05:52 We were in Brazil. 05:53 And--well, it's always good to see family and to be with them. 05:57 It was my brother-in-law's wedding. 06:00 And it had been pushed off already because of COVID, but 06:04 this time, thank God, there was a window in the whole situation 06:08 and we were able to be there and to see family and 06:11 have such a good time. 06:13 But I'll tell you that it's also good to be home, isn't it? 06:15 It's always good to be home, there's no place 06:16 like home, right? 06:20 Our study for today is a really beautiful study. 06:24 It's one of the central studies of what it means to be a 06:26 Seventh-Day Adventist. 06:28 After all, we do have a reference for this in 06:31 our name, in the name of our church. 06:33 We are the Seventh-Day Adventists. 06:35 So there's an emphasis on the seventh day Sabbath, and there's 06:40 an emphasis on the Advent. 06:42 And so it's just so good to be here and to be able to talk 06:45 about this subject that is such a--it's a subject that we do 06:49 talk a lot about, but at the same time it's always good to be 06:52 able to go deeper. 06:53 And so welcome to the local church that's here. 06:55 It's good to see you. 06:57 Welcome to you watching from anywhere in the world. 07:00 Wherever you may be, be that here in the United States or 07:03 around the world, it's so good to be able to relate to you that 07:05 way and to be able to share the Word with you. 07:08 Pastor Shawn just prayed, but I would like to offer up another 07:12 word of prayer so that we can begin--so that I can begin on 07:15 the right foot, so let's pray. 07:17 Dear Father, thank You so much for Your love for us. 07:19 Thank You so much for Your guidance. 07:20 Thank You for the wisdom that comes from Scripture and from 07:23 the Bible, Lord, and thank You so much because You have 07:25 provided discernment for us so that we can too 07:28 understand more about You. 07:30 Lord, we know that we've been studying about the covenant. 07:32 So allow us to understand the sign of the covenant in the 07:35 context of that deal that You've made to rescue us from the 07:40 tragedy of sin. 07:42 I ask You for these things and I ask You for these following 07:45 moments in the name of Jesus Your son and our Lord, 07:48 our Savior, and our best friend. 07:49 In his name, amen and amen. 07:52 So, you know, the joy of my ministry is giving Bible 07:58 studies, all right? 07:59 The joy of my ministry is giving Bible studies. 08:04 There are things that I do in my job that I do 08:07 because it's my job, all right? 08:09 I think that that goes for everyone--for anyone. 08:12 There are things that you do in your job because it's your job, 08:14 but there are other things--I don't know about you, but there 08:17 are things in my job that I do because I purely love it. 08:20 You wouldn't have to pay me to do it, and part of that is 08:23 giving Bible studies. 08:25 You put me anywhere in the world, I will try to find a 08:27 Bible study, I love it. 08:29 And through giving Bible studies, this subject is 08:32 one of the central, it's one of the main ones. 08:35 It's one of the distinguishing realities because while there 08:38 are other denominations that do keep the Sabbath, they don't 08:42 keep the Sabbath in the same way as us or sometimes not even 08:46 because of the same reasons as us. 08:48 And so it's always a central part of that Bible study to talk 08:52 about the Sabbath, and what it means for us, and what it means 08:55 to us, and how we do observe this day. 08:57 Now, as we get into the actual lesson--and I do want to 09:00 make something clear. 09:02 The Sabbath school lesson study where you have a teacher that 09:05 comes out and that teaches the lesson, the purpose of that 09:09 teacher, if he's doing a good job, is to bring more than what 09:14 the student learned in the lesson. 09:17 I was a chaplain and a Bible teacher for a few years, and the 09:20 reality is that I would give homework but I wouldn't feel 09:24 that my objective would have been complete if I 09:26 had not gone beyond the homework, if I hadn't gone 09:29 deeper into what I was teaching. 09:31 So it's the duty of the student to study the lesson, and then 09:36 the duty of the teacher to go beyond that, that which 09:39 was brought in the lesson. 09:40 Otherwise, I'm just repeating what you already studied, right? 09:43 So here when you have someone up front teaching a Sabbath school 09:47 lesson, the objective is to go deeper and to go beyond what is 09:50 already in the lesson. 09:52 So that's why you'll see that sometimes I will go beyond, I 09:56 will mention some things that you didn't really get from the 09:58 lesson itself but that actually tried to go a little bit deeper, 10:02 and the reason for that is because I want to give you more. 10:04 I like setting more and I want to give 10:06 more than was already there. 10:08 So that's why you'll see that sometimes there are some things 10:11 that weren't there in the lesson itself but are an addition. 10:14 In any case, friends, the narrative that we find in 10:18 Genesis, the narrative creation, right? 10:20 You'll find that in the book of creation--in the Book of 10:23 Genesis, we'll have the first attribute of God is that God is 10:27 a creator, right, God is a maker. 10:29 I mean, that's the first thing that you find out 10:30 about God in the Bible: in the beginning, God did what? 10:34 God made. 10:35 He created, and it's--what's interesting is that the verb 10:38 used over there for create is a verb that is attributed and used 10:42 only when God creates--only for when God creates. 10:46 And so the first attribute about God is that he is a creator God. 10:51 And the narrative of creation that we find in the first two 10:54 chapters of the Bible, what does it culminate in? 10:57 That week of creation, how does it culminate, 10:59 how does it end, what is the last part of that week? 11:03 It's the Sabbath. 11:05 It culminates with the day of rest, and the Sabbath is that 11:09 seventh day of creation. 11:11 All right, the Sabbath--what we know as Sabbath in the context 11:13 of Genesis is that seventh day of creation. 11:16 But remember that while it is the seventh day of creation, how 11:21 long had humans been alive for? 11:25 One day. 11:26 Humans had just been created. 11:28 So while this is the seventh day of the creation week, it's the 11:32 first day of existence for the human family, the first day that 11:35 they had been alive. 11:36 They had not worked yet, had they? 11:39 How could they have? 11:41 So how would they rest? 11:45 And that just brings a little innuendo, a little detail in 11:48 what it means to keep the Sabbath. 11:50 The human family on their first Sabbath, they weren't tired yet. 11:56 They hadn't worked yet. 11:58 The Sabbath was a day for them to--in the presence of their 12:01 creator, in the presence of the maker, in the presence of the 12:04 architect to establish their priorities as to 12:08 what was truly important. 12:10 The first act of mankind was what? 12:13 To rest. 12:15 That was their first act. 12:16 It was to rest in the presence of God and to learn from Him 12:20 what the purpose of their existence was. 12:23 Have you stopped to think about that? 12:25 Their first act, their first Sabbath was God providing a 12:29 manual or providing an explanation as to why they had 12:33 just been created; and God was explaining what they were 12:36 created for, why they had been created. 12:39 Another important point to remember is that God 12:41 wasn't tired either. 12:43 Does God get tired? 12:45 What does the Book of Isaiah chapter 40, verse 28 says? 12:48 It says that the eternal one, He neither faints nor is weary. 12:54 God doesn't get tired. 12:56 God doesn't need physical rest. 12:58 God doesn't need rest. He doesn't get tired. 13:00 How could you tire out the untireable one? 13:03 Now, in the new earth--and here we're just seeing a lot of 13:06 little facts about the Sabbath. 13:08 The human family, they were given the day of rest in a 13:10 moment where they weren't even tired yet. 13:11 God doesn't get tired and yet he rested on the seventh day. 13:14 In the new earth the day of rest will continue to be observed 13:18 according to Isaiah 66:23; but the question is, will the 13:21 inhabitants in the new earth, will they be tired? 13:26 Doesn't the very Book of Isaiah chapter 40 say that he will give 13:29 wings to the youth, they will run and not be weary, they will 13:33 walk and not be tired? 13:35 So how would the inhabitants of the new earth be tired? 13:37 What would they need the Sabbath for? 13:39 What kind of rest are we talking about here if these 13:41 inhabitants don't get tired? 13:43 Friends, the purpose of this rest is to celebrate redemption. 13:50 After the fall, after the entrance of sin, humans became 13:53 slaves to the incessant rat race of modern life and its feverish 14:00 consumerist activism. 14:03 That's why the Bible focuses on teaching us the 14:06 basic questions about existence. 14:07 What are the basic questions about existence? 14:10 What do--what is a religion, have you ever 14:11 asked yourself that? 14:13 You know, the word religion today, it's a 14:14 really charged-up word. 14:16 It's really--you know, it's become something of a hindrance 14:22 to a lot of people when understanding God 14:24 and spirituality. 14:27 What is religion? 14:28 The word religion itself is the word religare, and 14:32 it means to reconnect. 14:34 That's what the word religion literally means. 14:36 It means to reconnect. 14:37 It's a search. 14:39 It's a quest to reconnect with something that was lost. 14:43 But when you look at the structure of any religion, it is 14:46 an attempt to answer three great questions: where did we come 14:49 from, what are we doing here, and where are we going. 14:53 It has to do with origin, with purpose, and with destination. 14:58 And so the Sabbath is God providing us time to 15:02 understand these realities. 15:05 That's why the Bible focuses on teaching the basic questions 15:07 about existence, origin, purpose, and destination. 15:11 And that's what we get into the first subject of this week's 15:13 lesson, which is the subject of origins. 15:16 The Bible is related with the creation of life on 15:20 this planet, and the first days of creation have to do with 15:23 space and with mass, right? 15:26 If you analyze those first 6 days, God is creating things in 15:30 the realm of space, in the realm of mass. 15:33 He creates light. 15:35 We know that light has mass. 15:36 He creates water. He creates the atmosphere. 15:38 He creates trees, and earth, and animals, and fruits, and seeds, 15:42 and plants, and--everything. 15:45 God creates first in the realm of mass, in the realm of space. 15:51 But the week doesn't end with space or with mass or with 15:55 things, the week of creation ends with time-- 15:59 an emphasis on time. 16:03 In the structure of creation, time is divided between ordinary 16:06 time from the first to the sixth day of creation; and with 16:10 special time, the seventh day of creation. 16:13 Ordinary time flows into special time, reminding us that humans 16:19 do not find their purpose in the routinely things of life but in 16:25 the presence of God, of the creator who alone can realign us 16:30 to our original purpose. 16:31 After all, He Himself made us. 16:34 And then we can truly discern what is important. 16:37 Friends, if we don't--if we only live in the realm of ordinary 16:41 time, it becomes very difficult to discern between what is truly 16:44 important in life and what is mundane. 16:48 Ordinary time in our life must by necessity flow into special 16:52 time for us to understand why we are alive. 16:56 In the structure of creation, man 16:59 was not primarily created in the function of things of space, or 17:04 in the things of mass, or for things simplified. 17:08 No, humans find their final and their 17:11 most complete purpose in the presence of the 17:14 creator, in the presence of God, in the time 17:19 reserved and designated for this purpose. 17:22 Friends, the establishment of the day of rest has nothing to 17:25 do primarily with the nation of Israel, and we're going to talk 17:28 a little bit more about that because we know that Israel 17:30 disfigured what the Sabbath should have meant. 17:33 Do you know how many laws existed about the Sabbath when 17:35 Jesus came around? 17:38 One thousand five hundred and twenty-one laws just 17:41 about the Sabbath. 17:42 Thirty-nine times thirty-nine. 17:45 Half of those with their multiples; half of those 17:49 positive laws and half of those negative laws, what you could do 17:52 and what you could not do. 17:54 One thousand five hundred and twenty-one laws. 17:56 Isn't it sad, isn't it depressing how humans have this 17:59 tendency of taking these signs that come from God; the signs of 18:03 freedom, of redemption, of liberation, and we transform 18:07 them in this--into this whole thing that boxes us in? 18:13 The Sabbath was given as a means to understand God's redemptive 18:17 work for humans. 18:22 Some modern religious interpreters use this argument, 18:26 that the Sabbath was created for Israel. 18:28 They use this argument as a way to do away with the sacred 18:31 origin of the day of rest and all of its implications for the 18:35 life that God originally intended for us; but, friends, 18:41 the Sabbath is God's invitation to rest, to rest, and today more 18:49 than in any other moment of history that is needed. 18:55 In the modern day and age, we need to learn how to rest. 19:02 Three Hebrew words are intrinsically connected to the 19:05 Sabbath that make our understanding of this day of 19:08 rest different from any other day, from all the other days of 19:11 the weekly calendar, and we'll find this in Genesis chapter 2. 19:15 Right on the first--the first word that describes what God did 19:18 on the Sabbath, it says that he rested. 19:20 And by resting, what was God doing by resting? 19:23 He was setting an example, a precedent for us to understand a 19:28 little bit better. 19:30 God is the standard by which we understand the 19:33 nature of this rest. 19:34 By resting, He signaled that His plan of creation was complete. 19:38 After all, what did He say when He was done? 19:40 He observed everything, and how was it? 19:42 It was very good. 19:45 It was good. 19:48 God's creation of this world was exactly, precisely what He had 19:51 originally planned and intended. 19:53 That's why He saw that it was really very, very good. 19:57 There was nothing left to do. 19:59 He could stop. He could halt. 20:01 The work was--halt. The work was complete. 20:03 It was done. It was finished. 20:05 Friends, we do not rest because our work is complete. 20:10 After all, our imperfection is a great obstacle for that. 20:15 Our works are never as complete as God's works. 20:20 We rest because God's work is complete. 20:22 We rest in His work. 20:25 On that first day--on that Friday--on that first Friday, 20:30 God had said that His work of creating was 20:32 complete and so He rested. 20:35 And you'll remember that on that fateful Friday on Calvary, Jesus 20:38 said that his work of redemption was complete when he 20:41 cried out, "It is finished." 20:43 Do you see on the sixth day of creation it was finished 20:46 and it was very good? 20:48 On that Friday on Calvary, he also said it is finished, and 20:52 the work was very good. 20:58 He then lowers his head on that day. 21:03 He rested on the Sabbath. 21:06 He who kept his life in his--who kept the Sabbath in life, he 21:11 also kept it in death, and He invites us to also rest 21:14 in His complete work. 21:16 Perfectly complete, we can also rest. 21:20 The second Hebrew word that we'll find--and here I'm not 21:22 really going to go through the words because that really won't 21:24 matter, but the second description that we find after 21:27 God rested is that He then blessed. 21:30 And, friends, the blessing of God found in the Bible is one of 21:33 the richest concepts of the Old Testament. 21:37 The blessing of God, what that bless means--what that 21:39 blessing means is one of the richest concepts 21:42 found in the entire Old Testament. 21:44 Proverbs chapter 10, verse 22 says that the blessing of the 21:47 Lord makes one rich, and He adds no sorrow with it. 21:50 Friends, the Sabbath represents a powerful 21:53 potential of blessings. 21:56 Why potential? 21:58 Because I have to accept it. 21:59 I have to learn to truly rest. 22:03 What truly blesses the disfigured and the impoverished 22:07 time-consumed life is not merely sleep. 22:11 After all, have you--has anyone here ever tried to go--you know, 22:14 you'll go to bed one night and you'll wake up in the morning 22:16 and it seems as though you're more tired than when 22:18 you went to sleep, has that ever happened to someone here? 22:21 Yeah. Right? 22:23 You go to bed, and when you wake up--you can sleep for maybe 22:26 eight, ten hours. 22:28 Sometimes it seems as though you're "tireder." 22:31 I know I just came up with a word. 22:33 You're more tired than when you went to sleep. 22:36 It--the rest here, it doesn't have to do with that, and it 22:40 doesn't have to do primarily even with an expensive or a 22:43 lavish vacation at some tropical human paradise. 22:48 That's not what we're talking about here. 22:49 No, friends, true rest in the Bible, 22:52 the true Sabbath has to do with God's 22:54 blessing, which according to this proverb that we just read 22:57 enriches and adds no sorrow. 23:02 In contrast to space, which we see as a symbol of 23:06 human works, all right? 23:08 As in contrast to what we do on the six weeks, human works, the 23:13 Sabbath comes to us as a symbol of God's divine grace, 23:18 a temple in time. 23:23 The Sabbath is a temple in time. 23:26 Anyone anywhere has access to this temple. 23:31 No one is excluded. 23:34 No one is denied entrance. 23:37 Sabbath is a temple in time available, accessible to anyone. 23:44 It comes to us independently of our works, which are always 23:47 conditioned by the reality of sin. 23:50 Every week we breathe this breath of God that brings true 23:54 rest, true refreshment, true renewal, and that's what it 23:59 means to accept the blessing that is the Sabbath. 24:02 God rested. God blessed. 24:05 And what is the third thing that God does? 24:07 He sanctifies. 24:10 The Sabbath was sanctified by God, and what this means is that 24:13 God is the one that sanctifies us--it, friends. 24:16 It's not us. God sanctified the Sabbath. 24:19 It wasn't you. 24:22 He separated it. 24:24 He sanctified it to be a blessing. 24:26 And if understood correctly--and please if you forget everything 24:29 in this lesson, remember this. 24:32 If understood correctly, it's not us who keep the Sabbath. 24:38 It is the Sabbath that keeps us, keeps us from all the insanity 24:45 and insensibility of life that is determined by the 24:48 laws of the market, of consumerism, of materialism, 24:51 of greed, of competition. 24:53 The Sabbath keeps us. 24:59 The Sabbath is a divine invitation to rest 25:01 from the rat race. 25:05 And, friends, like I said before, that is needed now more 25:07 than any other time in a time where we 25:10 are constantly accessible. 25:13 The beauty of the modern world is that it gave us access to so 25:16 many things, but the terror of it is that it gave so many 25:21 things access to us as well. 25:25 And the Sabbath is that rift, that temple in time when we turn 25:30 off our computers, our phones, suspend our businesses, close 25:33 our textbooks; and we are declaring by that that our life 25:37 does not depend primarily of our effort, or of our bank account, 25:42 or of our academic prestige, our intelligence. 25:44 That's not what life is based upon. 25:47 Our life is in the hands that never quiver in their protection 25:52 and their care of human needs. 25:55 The second broad subject here of the lesson is 25:59 the Sabbath before Sinai. 26:01 You know, as a nation, Israel gains its identity in--or after 26:06 the exodus from Egypt, and there are many reasons found in the 26:09 Bible to point that the seventh day Sabbath precedes the nation 26:12 of Israel or the independence of Israel as a nation. 26:16 It first appears to us in the biblical narrative during the 26:20 creation, and that right there indicates its universality. 26:25 What was created in that week of creation? 26:28 Everything, everything was created, and the Sabbath 26:32 appears as a culmination of that week of creation. 26:34 Why would the Sabbath be something only for one people if 26:37 it was given at a moment where everything was made? 26:42 That right there tells us a lot. 26:46 The Sabbath was established for the universal human. 26:51 Jesus indicates precisely this when in Mark chapter 2, verse 27 26:54 he says the Sabbath was made for who? 26:58 The Sabbath was made for man, and not the man for the Sabbath. 27:01 Historically, Adventists have extracted arguments from the 27:05 narrative of God's provision of manna, and you'll remember this 27:08 from the Book of Exodus, to strengthen the crucial thesis 27:11 that the Sabbath precedes Israel and the law 27:14 given on Mount Sinai. 27:16 Before the Sinai, before Exodus chapter 20, the Sabbath was 27:20 already recognized as the day of rest as we see in verse-- 27:24 in chapter 16. 27:26 What happens in chapter 16? 27:27 God is giving them, the children of Israel, the laws regarding 27:30 the manna, and this is before the Ten Commandments, 27:33 this is before Mount Sinai. 27:35 God is giving them the laws according to how--or regarding 27:38 how they would take the manna or how they would gather the manna. 27:44 And there are a lot of aspects here that are very 27:45 relevant to this sort of study. 27:47 For example, the sixth day was already known as 27:49 the day of what? 27:51 The day of preparation. 27:54 It was already known as the day of preparation. 27:56 How could it have been known as a day of preparation if the case 28:00 of the Sabbath being given only on Mount Sinai were true? 28:04 How--why would they have a day of preparation? 28:07 And I'll tell you something, this is also a 28:08 very important reality in our life today. 28:11 I grew up--I'm a preacher's kid. 28:16 And I remember fondly, very fondly growing up, that Friday 28:21 would come and it was the day of chores, right? 28:24 The first part of the day--and I didn't really like my chores. 28:26 I had to clean the bathroom. That was my chore. 28:29 And to pick up after the dog in the backyard. 28:33 I didn't like that chore very much either. 28:35 Stinky chore. 28:37 But I did love the end of that day. 28:39 We would always have a different meal. 28:42 The family would come together. 28:44 We would sing. We had worship. 28:46 We would do a vespers. 28:49 I miss that with the family in that case when I was a kid. 28:53 I do the same thing with my wife nowadays. 28:57 The day of preparation, it was already a known thing. 29:01 The Sabbath as the day of rest or the seventh day of the week 29:04 was following the day of preparation, which was 29:07 known as the day of preparation. 29:09 You'll find this, again, in Exodus 16, before the 29:12 Ten Commandments are given. 29:14 The Sabbath, friends, find its origin in God. 29:16 What are the two institutions that we find that precede the 29:19 entrance of sin in the world? 29:21 The Sabbath and marriage, holy matrimony; the two institutions 29:26 that today you'll find precisely so much attack 29:32 and animosity against. 29:35 On that day--on the day of rest, no work was to be done and 29:38 that's why it was known as the day of rest. 29:41 A double portion of food, of the manna was to be collected on the 29:44 sixth day--the day of preparation. 29:47 And what's interesting is that miraculously the portion that 29:50 was collected, if it were any other day; if it were a Monday 29:55 and you wanted to get food for the whole week so you 29:57 couldn't--you didn't have to wake up early the next day to go 30:01 collect, if you wanted to do that, you couldn't because the 30:03 food would deteriorate, get rotten. 30:07 But miraculously on Friday when the double portion was 30:10 collected, the food did not deteriorate. 30:13 What is God saying by that? 30:15 "Rest. Don't wake up that early." 30:18 Some people need to learn that. 30:21 Just kidding. I'm not a morning bird. 30:24 I do have to get up early, but I don't get up early happy. 30:28 So--but on that day, I understand this is God's saying: 30:30 "You can--a little bit more. 30:33 Stay in bed." 30:36 The Sabbath is a test of loyalty. 30:38 That's an--that's also a very big biblical teaching. 30:41 The gathering of the manna was done during the six days of the 30:43 week, but not on that Sabbath. 30:45 On that day recognized as the day of the Lord, the Sabbath of 30:48 the Lord, the manna was not even available. 30:52 Exodus 16:25-26, you'll see. 30:54 It wasn't available for them to go out and take it. 30:57 Observe that the Sabbath is the seventh day of the week without 31:00 any possibility of confusion. 31:03 Any. Where do weeks come from? 31:06 I mean, if you look at, for example, a year. 31:08 What is a year? 31:10 One year is the rotation of planet earth around the sun. 31:13 What is a month? 31:15 The lunar cycle. 31:18 What's a day? 31:20 The earth rotating around its own axle. 31:23 What's a week? 31:26 There is nothing in nature that gives us 31:28 the seven-day cycle. 31:32 And be that as it may, as far as you go back in human history, 31:35 you will always find the weekly cycle. 31:38 As far back as you go, you'll find the week. 31:40 Where did that come from? 31:42 Some people will say that it does follow the order of the 31:44 South Pacific seahorse menstruation cycle. 31:48 I believe that that's a reach. 31:52 Where does the week come from? 31:55 There is no possibility of confusion. 31:57 Exodus chapter 16, verse 29 says, "See for the Lord has 32:01 given you the Sabbath. 32:03 Therefore he gives you on the sixth day bread for two days. 32:06 Let every man remain in his place. 32:08 Let no man go out of his place on the seventh day." 32:13 As we continue the study of this broad subject in the Bible in 32:16 the context of the covenant, we come to Tuesday's lesson, which 32:19 is entitled "Covenant Sign." 32:21 Friends, the Sabbath is designated as a sign in the 32:24 Bible four times specifically; and in the biblical mentality, a 32:30 sign is a symbol, an instrument that points toward 32:34 a reality that is bigger than itself. 32:36 It's an exterior mark, a type, a parable with the intention of 32:41 communicating a distinct message, a sign of a covenant in 32:45 this situation. 32:47 The Sabbath points us towards Christ, who is the 32:50 true rest, He is the true rest. 32:53 If you remove the Sabbath from Jesus, you will not have 32:56 any rest there. 32:58 Jesus is our true rest. 33:00 Matthew 11:28 through 30 says, "Come to me, all you who labor 33:04 and are heavy laden, and I will give you," what, "rest. 33:08 Take my yoke upon you and learn from me for I am gentle and 33:12 lowly in heart and you will find rest for your souls, for my yoke 33:16 is easy and my burden is light." 33:20 And so this way the Sabbath in any way separate from Christ is 33:24 pure nonsense, biblical ignorance. 33:28 What's more, the Sabbath can much less be 33:30 used as a mark or a sign of salvation by works. 33:34 In this case, salvation by Sabbath-keeping. 33:37 There is no salvation by Sabbath-keeping, friends. 33:39 That's not how it works. 33:41 Hebrews chapter 4 makes a reference to us entering 33:44 God's rest by faith, and that was something 33:48 lacking in the Israel of old. 33:50 You remember the 1,521 laws? 33:55 They had entered the resting--they had entered the 33:57 rest of the Promised Land led by their leader Joshua, who in that 34:02 context was a type for Christ. 34:04 They knew the day of rest, but they failed to recognize and 34:08 accept the true rest that was by faith in Jesus, whom they knew 34:13 as the Messiah, the one to come. 34:15 Friends, our true rest only comes from Him. 34:20 The Sabbath is present in Scripture as being a sign of 34:24 also knowledge and sanctification, knowledge 34:28 and sanctification. 34:29 These are two very important concepts to understand-- 34:32 to be understood. 34:33 Knowledge in the Bible--you'll remember 34:34 that in the Book of Ecclesiastes and in the Book 34:36 of Proverbs especially, you'll hear wisdom 34:40 crying out in the streets, you remember that? 34:42 Wisdom crying out in the streets. 34:46 Knowledge in the Bible is more than mere intellectual assent or 34:50 intellectual knowledge. 34:51 What does Hosea 4:6 say? 34:53 "My people are destroyed by," what? 34:56 A lack of knowledge. 34:57 But this text is not making a reference or not referencing 35:00 mere academic or intellectual knowledge because according to 35:05 Jesus--in John chapter 17, verse 3 it says, "And this is eternal 35:09 life, that they may," what? 35:11 "Know you, the only true God, and Jesus Christ 35:16 whom You have sent." 35:18 In addition to bringing eternal life, the knowledge that we find 35:22 here is a liberating, for John chapter 8, verse 32 also says 35:26 that you shall know the truth and the truth 35:30 shall set you free. 35:32 And so we understand that this knowledge of God in us both 35:36 justifies and sanctifies. 35:40 According to John Calvin, one of the great Protestant reformers, 35:44 he said that God does not or maybe even cannot justify those 35:52 who He cannot sanctify. 35:54 God does not justify those who He cannot sanctify. 35:59 Some may think that justification is what God does 36:01 for us and that sanctification is what we do for God, but that 36:07 is absolutely incorrect. 36:11 Justification is what God does for us, while sanctification is 36:16 also what God does for us through the Holy Spirit but in 36:19 this case in us. 36:21 Justification is what God does for you, sanctification is what 36:24 God does in you. 36:27 By justification, God redeemed us from the bondage of--He 36:31 redeemed the Israelites from the bondage of Egypt, and He redeems 36:35 us from the bondage of Babylon, from sin. 36:40 You remember that Exodus chapter 20, verse 8 and 11 say, 36:42 "Remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy; for in six days 36:45 the Lord made the heavens and the earth and the sea and all 36:48 that is in them, and He rested on the seventh day. 36:50 Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and hallowed it." 36:53 You'll find that the Decalogue is referenced again. 36:56 It's repeated again somewhere else; who remembers where? 36:59 It's Exodus 20 and Deuteronomy chapter 5, and they are exactly 37:05 alike word for word with one exception. 37:09 There's a different emphasis in the Decalogue found in 37:12 Deuteronomy chapter 5. 37:16 It says, "Observe the Sabbath day to keep it holy. 37:19 Remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt and the 37:22 Lord your God brought you out from there by a mighty hand and 37:25 by an outstretched arm. 37:26 Therefore the Lord your God commanded you to keep the 37:29 Sabbath day." 37:30 In the first you find a memorial of creation, 37:35 God justifying us because He is the creator. 37:37 But in the second one you find the emphasis on what? 37:40 Redemption. 37:44 Through justification, God delivers us and redeems us from 37:48 the bondage of Babylon, of sin, but through sanctification He 37:53 keeps us out of Babylon and out of sin. 38:01 Justification, what God does for you; sanctification, 38:04 what God does in you. 38:06 The Sabbath is a sign that declares God as the 38:09 one that sanctifies us. 38:13 In the book, "Testimonies for the Church" volume six, page 38:15 350, the quote is given that says, "The Sabbath given to the 38:19 world as a sign of God, as the creator is also the sign of Him 38:24 as the sanctifier. 38:26 Remember the Sabbath day." 38:29 What does it mean to remember? 38:32 What does he mean, remember? 38:34 In the biblical narrative, you'll find that remembering 38:38 goes beyond an action of memory. 38:41 It's not just reminiscing. 38:42 It's not just, "Oh, the Sabbath, I remember it. 38:45 It's in my mind. It's hard to forget. 38:47 Every seventh day, boom, boom, boom. 38:49 You know, every seventh day, it's there." 38:51 Is that what we're talking about here? 38:54 Observe the situations in the Bible where God remembers. 38:57 Do you remember situations in the Bible where God remembers? 39:00 The Bible says that God remembered Noah on the ark. 39:03 Does that mean that before that God had forgotten him and 39:05 all of a sudden, "That's right. 39:06 I put some people in a boat and I sent rain." 39:09 Is that what it means God remembered Noah? 39:12 When the Bible says--when God tells Moses, "I have remembered 39:16 My children in Egypt. 39:17 I've heard their cry," what does that mean, that 39:20 He had forgotten them? 39:21 No, remembering in the biblical mentality, 39:25 it defines action. 39:29 When God remembered Noah, He took action. 39:33 When God remembered the children of Israel, He took action. 39:36 Remembering in the biblical narrative means action. 39:42 At the same time, there are moments where God says 39:44 that He does not remember. 39:45 Does that mean that God forgot? 39:47 Can God forget? No. 39:51 God tells us, for example, that He will not remember our sins. 39:54 What does that mean? 39:55 What it means is that He won't take condemnatory 39:58 action against us, action. 40:02 Remembering the Sabbath day to keep it holy as a sanctified day 40:07 is more than an action of memory. 40:10 It involves the totality of life. 40:15 Remember the Sabbath day as the divine order, and that order is 40:18 given for a reason. 40:20 Technological advances have created an era of superficial 40:23 relationships in this new digitized society that we live 40:27 in of Twitter, and Facebook, and TikTok, and Instagram, and so 40:32 many other platforms that I as a millennial have absolutely no 40:36 way of keeping track of--that's the world that we live in. 40:41 And in this new and digitized society, people live under the 40:45 oppression of rush, of hurry. 40:48 Always in a hurry. 40:50 Tension, anxiety, stress make our hearts beat faster and 40:53 faster, elevating our blood pressure. 40:56 Millions of people depend on pills to face the perplexities 40:59 of the day to day, and millions more rely on pills to fall 41:03 asleep at night. 41:05 The number of people who are diagnosed with mental and 41:08 emotional issues is alarming, and no less serious than the 41:13 physical and emotional maladies of this insane rush are the 41:17 devastating social consequences found within families that 41:20 disintegrate due to the crisis in relationships. 41:25 No one has time for anyone, it seems. 41:30 More than in any other moment in history, humans need to 41:33 rediscover the renewing power of the Sabbath, the time separated 41:39 by God, by the creator for physical, mental, and spiritual 41:45 rest; special time for togetherness with the great 41:53 architect, with our family, and with the people that we love. 41:58 The voice of culture, the voice of commerce, the market, human 42:02 pursuits with its philosophy and isms, its wisdom, all attempts 42:07 to convince us to forget precisely 42:10 what God told us to remember. 42:13 In the book, "Selected Messages," it's book two, page 42:16 160, we find a quote that is beautiful. 42:18 It says that by keeping His Sabbath holy, we are to show 42:21 that we are His people. 42:22 His Word declares the Sabbath to be a sign by which to 42:26 distinguish the commandment-keeping people, 42:28 those who keep the law of God who will be one with Him in the 42:32 great controversy commenced in heaven between Satan and God. 42:35 And so you see that here we shift from the logic of the 42:38 Bible given in creation to what the Bible will signify in the 42:42 end, at the time where we are living right now and we are 42:47 about to embark on the end of times, time of the end. 42:53 The law begins with God, it moves on to people, it 42:56 finishes with things. 42:58 And that is the order of life: God, people, things. 43:01 Culture tends to invert that order; beginning with things, 43:05 passing on to people, and then finally God. 43:07 But this process materializes everything and in the end we're 43:11 left with nothing but the idolatry of forms. 43:13 Do you know what the idolatry of forms is? 43:16 It's when you idolatrize, you worship something for its form. 43:22 You become a plastic persona, and in that sense you 43:26 can worship anything. 43:27 The human heart is a fantastic fabric--or factory of idols. 43:33 The human heart is a fantastic factory of idols. 43:37 Anything can become an idol, even church. 43:44 Adventist Christians believe that fidelity to the fourth 43:46 commandment will play a very big part in the time of the end. 43:50 Please remember that worship is the central concept found in 43:54 chapters 13 and 14, which are the central chapters of the Book 43:57 of Revelation. 43:59 Worship, the verb appears eight times in this section. 44:04 To worship God or to worship the beast. 44:07 Why does the Sabbath play such a big role in the end? 44:10 And it's for a few basic reasons. 44:13 First of all, because if understood correctly, the Bible 44:16 is the ideal response to the gospel. 44:19 The gospel teaches us that Christ did for us what we could 44:21 never do for ourselves. 44:23 That's what Romans chapter 3, verse 21 and 22 say. 44:26 God did for us what we could never do for ourselves. 44:29 We have nothing left to add to what He did. 44:32 That's why it appears as the seventh day in the week of 44:34 creation; God completed His work. 44:36 There is no way that we could add to what He did. 44:39 It's impossible. 44:41 The Sabbath is founded upon the principle of rest, rest after 44:44 the complete work of God; and in its invitation to rest in what 44:50 He has done, not on what we can do. 44:53 The first work of any Christian is to rest in 44:56 what God did for us. 44:58 That's the first work, to rest in what God did for us. 45:01 Secondly, friends, the Sabbath establishes an 45:04 ideal test of obedience. 45:06 All other commandments involve a logical reason for obeying them. 45:10 "Thou shalt not kill." Why? 45:12 Because God is a God of life. 45:14 "Thou shall not steal." Why? 45:15 Because God is a God of truthfulness, of integrity, 45:18 of fidelity. 45:21 Each one of the Ten Commandments have a logical 45:23 reasoning to them. 45:25 However, the fourth commandment is based solely upon the 45:28 authority of God. 45:30 Only. Why not Sunday? 45:32 Why not Wednesday? Why not Friday? 45:34 Simple: because God said Sabbath. 45:37 He didn't say anything else. It's a test of loyalty. 45:39 "Who do I obey, Him or anyone else, including myself?" 45:46 The commandment of the Sabbath that way is likened unto the 45:49 tree of the knowledge of good and evil and that the only 45:53 reason not to eat its fruit was God's commandment, 45:57 His authority, it's because He said so. 46:01 And then human voices, even religious voices, will insist 46:05 that we forget exactly what God told us-- 46:08 commanded us to remember. 46:10 The central element then will be authority. 46:12 Whose authority will we recognize? 46:15 After all, who do we worship? 46:19 Finally, friends, the Sabbath will be the central element of 46:22 the last test because it is a part of our determination to 46:26 follow Jesus completely and entirely. 46:29 He kept the Sabbath. He left us this example. 46:32 And if we desire to follow his example entirely, we must also 46:36 imitate him in this aspect. 46:39 The insistence on the observation of the Sabbath will 46:41 seem strange, even absurd, even for people who 46:48 consider themselves Christians at that time. 46:49 They will have an extremely hard time understanding the logic of 46:53 the fourth commandment. 46:54 The enemy will explore this lack of logic. 46:58 You can be certain of this. 47:00 He will explore this apparent lack of logic. 47:05 The deception will be so severe that all evidence of the senses 47:09 will indicate that the other voices seem to be correct. 47:12 They seem to be right. 47:14 Only those who learn to trust God, only people who learn to 47:17 recognize His voice as sheep recognize the voice of the 47:22 shepherd to bow to his authority will see the reason in the 47:32 apparently arbitrary test of loyalty. 47:35 Friends, the Sabbath is rest, and it's a solemn rest. 47:40 It's a solemn recognition that we are creatures of God. 47:44 We're not units of economic growth. 47:46 The Sabbath restores our identity. 47:49 It's a symbol of redemption from the forces that oppress us. 47:54 It is a day of communion, of family, and of friends. 47:58 Always remember that supernatural energy, 48:02 supernatural energy and vitality, 48:04 what we need to survive in this world, only comes through 48:08 supernatural rest, and that rest is found on the temple--in the 48:13 temple in time called the Sabbath. 48:16 I urge you. 48:18 I know that--look, I've been here for 31 years. 48:23 I've been an Adventist for 31 years, and it is very easy to 48:28 lose sight on what the Sabbath is. 48:30 It really is. 48:32 After hundreds, thousands--thousands? 48:35 I don't know. Hundreds. 48:36 Fifty-two every year times--I don't know. 48:40 Yeah, thousands. I don't know, I'm bad at math. 48:42 After so many Sabbaths, it's easy for you to lose sight and 48:47 lose track of what it should mean the day that you celebrate 48:52 your relationship with your best friend. 48:56 May you find that and discover that daily, weekly. 49:00 Not a once-in-a-lifetime thing, not as justification at one 49:03 moment, but a sanctification that is a 49:05 work throughout your life. 49:08 May God use you, may He bless you, and may He give 49:10 you the true rest. 49:12 God bless you, God bless you, and God bless you. 49:15 I'd like to finish with a word of prayer. 49:17 Remember that if you do want this free gift, you can write 49:21 into--this is for our online friends. 49:24 Remember that you can find this online. 49:26 All you have to do is call 866-788-3966, and you will also 49:32 get this--the study guide which is about the Sabbath, 49:36 "The Lost Day of History." 49:38 Let's pray. 49:39 Dear Father God, thank You so much for Your love, thank You so 49:41 much for life, and thank You so much for being our rest. 49:45 Lord, as we rest in You today, we want to truly find 49:50 supernatural energy and vitality. 49:52 Lord, it's easy to get lost in the rat race that is life, 49:56 especially modern life, but, Lord, teach us weekly 50:00 to rest in You. 50:04 I ask You for the people that are watching and listening. 50:07 Lord, please inhabit their lives and be their rest. 50:10 I ask You these things in the name of Jesus. 50:12 Amen and amen. 50:16 male announcer: Don't forget to request today's 50:17 life-changing free resource. 50:19 Not only can you receive this free gift in the mail, you can 50:22 download a digital copy straight to your computer 50:24 or mobile device. 50:25 To get your digital copy of today's free gift, simply text 50:29 the keyword on your screen to 40544 or visit the web address 50:34 shown on your screen. 50:35 And be sure to select a digital download option 50:37 on the request page. 50:39 It's now easier than ever for you to study God's Word with 50:42 "Amazing Facts," wherever and whenever you want. 50:45 And most important, to share it with others. 50:51 ♪♪♪ 51:00 Ashley: I grew up in Northern New Jersey, 51:02 just about 35 minutes out of New York City, 51:05 and I grew up in a famous family. 51:08 And so, my father played for the New York Giants for nine years. 51:12 That's how we ended up where we were. 51:14 He also played for the San Francisco 49ers, 51:17 and he was in the Pro Bowl. 51:20 He won two Super Bowls. 51:22 And I also had an older brother who played 51:26 professional baseball, so I had a lot to live up to. 51:30 Everything we did was based around sports. 51:32 That was my life, and I loved it, 51:34 but inside I was--I struggled daily with insecurity, 51:39 lacking confidence. 51:41 You know, I would look at myself in the mirror and not-- 51:45 and would not see good things about myself. 51:47 I started to put all my energy into soccer, 51:51 and I decided that I was going to go far with that. 51:58 So I ended up getting a scholarship to play 52:01 in the University of Miami. 52:04 I was being pulled in these, like, two directions of, 52:06 you know, wanting to live this party lifestyle 52:10 with my teammates, and I was so engulfed 52:15 in soccer and school, but I also had this, like, 52:18 strong yearning desire to serve God, 52:22 and I was just struggling to figure out the balance 52:25 and how to do that. 52:26 I was in Sin City, in Miami, and I couldn't-- 52:30 I felt like I was swimming upstream. 52:32 And I just felt like I couldn't breathe. 52:34 I had everything everyone would've wanted. 52:37 I had everything. 52:38 I had a scholarship to pay for school. 52:40 I was playing a sport. 52:41 I was the captain of my team. 52:43 I was in Miami. 52:44 I was--I had a great family. 52:48 I had a lot of friends. But where was God? 52:51 It was--all of that is meaningless unless I had Him. 52:56 And the lifeline that He gave me was this soft whisper in my ear, 53:03 saying, "Go." 53:05 I just remember, "Go." 53:06 So I decided to go, and I spent two months in Kenya 53:09 and two months in Uganda, and God was saving me 53:13 by sending me there. 53:14 It was God's prescription for my life, for my existence. 53:18 When I returned from Africa, I went back to school. 53:21 I finished school, finished soccer. 53:24 I went to the University of Tennessee 53:28 to get my master's when I met my husband. 53:32 Our motto in life was we wanted to live in reckless abandon 53:35 for our Creator and whatever that was, 53:38 whatever that looked like, and, you know, we've traveled, 53:42 and we've done mission work, 53:44 but we've mostly been in Tennessee, 53:46 and when we spent the summer apart a year after that 53:51 we were married, and it was the summer of 2015. 53:54 When we came back together, he's like, 53:57 "I have some things I want to share with you. 54:01 I want you to listen to this." 54:03 And we were on a 14-hour car ride, 54:05 and he just started playing this "Prophecy Code" 54:09 all the way back from 2005, and it was so clear, 54:13 and I just was comprehending it so well. 54:16 You know, after a couple, like, three or four, I was like, 54:18 "I need a break. 54:20 My mind is going to, like, explode from all this, 54:22 like, information overload," and everything that I thought 54:25 I had known about the Bible and about Scripture 54:30 is just completely different. 54:34 I was in shock. 54:36 Everything that I was hearing, it was like Scripture 54:38 is proving Scripture is proving Scripture. 54:40 My heart was, like, changing in that car ride because 54:43 it's like learning more about God than I ever had before. 54:48 After that car ride and after listening to the whole 54:50 "Prophecy Code," my life was completely changed. 54:54 He's become more real to us than He ever had been before, 54:57 and that has pushed us to disciple and to minister 55:02 to others and share with them what we know. 55:07 My name is Ashley, and I want to thank you for changing my life. 55:11 ♪♪♪ 55:22 announcer: Amazing Facts change lives. 55:31 Connie: Nobody was there to defend me. 55:34 Nobody was there to protect me. 55:36 My question was why did that happen to me, God? 55:40 Why didn't you intervene? 55:43 Once I hit my teenage years, everything 55:45 just started coming out. 55:48 I felt embarrassed of what had happened because for so long I 55:52 felt it was my fault. 55:54 There were times that I prayed, but it was prayers of 55:57 resentment, and anger and just yelling at God. 56:02 I was so confused, so depressed and I could not 56:07 bear any more of the pain. 56:09 You know, what's the point of living? 56:10 It's might as well just die. 56:15 I started cutting myself, but I heard a small, still voice and 56:21 it said, "Stop. 56:24 Give Me a second chance." 56:26 And right there, I just felt something completely different. 56:31 I felt a presence there and I put everything down 56:36 and I went to my room, I just started crying. 56:39 I realized that me and God connected so well. 56:42 And I no longer saw Him as just a God that no longer cared, but 56:47 I actually saw Him as a Father, and I continued praying. 56:52 One day, I was sleeping, my mom came to the bed, and she said, 56:56 "Connie, he's here, he's in town. 57:00 And the Lord impressed me that you need to face the situation. 57:05 It's time for you to forgive." 57:07 When something so drastic and so painful has happened, 57:13 forgiveness is very hard because you're vulnerable, 57:18 you let go of that ego, that pride that has taken 57:21 over you for so many years. 57:25 I prayed, and when we confronted the situation, it was the most 57:29 amazing moment, where we could pray, we could cry, 57:33 and we could forgive. 57:35 And because of that, I'm able to help others and tell others that 57:38 there is hope and there's someone that does care. 57:50 announcer: Together, we have spread the gospel much farther 57:53 than ever before. 57:55 Thank you for your support. 58:03 ♪♪♪ 58:13 ♪♪♪ 58:20 ♪♪♪ |
Revised 2021-05-21